Abstract:

One of the effective ways to improve the properties of special bitumen is their chemical and physical modification. When considering the chemical approach, it was assumed that the process of oxidative polymerization is associated with the course of radical chain reactions. Therefore, when carrying out the oxidative process of residual petroleum raw materials, it is necessary to use modifiers that are able to participate in this process, subjecting the segments of paraffin chains to chemical structuring, followed by the formation of polycyclic naphthenic-aromatic fragments that contribute to intensive tar formation and hinder the formation of the crystalline phase of asphaltenes. The analysis of the physico-mechanical properties of bitumen insulation materials obtained on the basis of oxidized tar showed the ambiguity of their assessment, i.e. at identical rates of oxidation of oil residues, differences in the strength properties of coatings are observed. The properties of oxidized bitumen are regulated by changing the size of the core and the solvate shell of a complex structural unit by introducing a multicomponent bifunctional modifier that reduces the duration of oxidation and improves the physico-mechanical and insulating properties of bitumen materials.

Keywords: residual petroleum raw materials, paraffin-asphaltene associates, physico-chemical modification, oxidative polymerization, complex structural units, NMR relaxometry, IR spectroscopy