Abstract:

This article examines the purpose, structure, and current development of oil depots as key facilities for petroleum product supply. The focus is on the safe layout of tank farms, classification of oil depots by functional purpose, transportation links, cargo turnover, and capacity. Design, operational, and fire safety requirements are analyzed in detail, including standards for distances between tanks, zoning of the area, and the provision of fire extinguishing systems. Special attention is given to the analysis of methods for calculating safe distances between tanks (point source model, Shokri and Beiler methods, Mudan) taking into account the influence of external factors such as wind. Examples of emergency situations are given, emphasizing the importance of compliance with regulatory requirements to prevent emergency situations and minimize their consequences.

Keywords: Tank farm, tank, fire, safety.